Amorphous carbon films with an sp(3) content up to 25% and a negligible amount of hydrogen have been grown by evaporation of graphite with concurrent Ar+ ion bombardment. The sp(3) content is maximized for Ar+ energies between 200 and 300 eV following a subplantation mechanism. Higher ion energies deteriorate the film due to sputtering and heating processes. The hardness of the films increases in the optimal assisting range from 8 to 18 GPa, and is explained by crosslinking of graphitic planes through sp(3) connecting sites. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(00)08911-8].
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Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sch Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China
Wang, Jian-Tao
Chen, Changfeng
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Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA
Univ Nevada, High Pressure Sci & Engn Ctr, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USAChinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China
Chen, Changfeng
Mizuseki, Hiroshi
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Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Computat Sci Res Ctr, Seoul 02792, South KoreaChinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China
Mizuseki, Hiroshi
Kawazoe, Yoshiyuki
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Tohoku Univ, New Ind Creat Hatchery Ctr, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan
SRM Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Nanotechnol, Kattankulathur 603203, TN, IndiaChinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China
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CEA Saclay, Lab Francis Perrin, DSM DRECAM SPAM CNRS, URA 2453, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, FranceCEA Saclay, Lab Francis Perrin, DSM DRECAM SPAM CNRS, URA 2453, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
Bouchet-Fabre, B.
Lazar, G.
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CEA Saclay, Lab Francis Perrin, DSM DRECAM SPAM CNRS, URA 2453, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
Bacau Univ, IFIM, Bacau 600115, RomaniaCEA Saclay, Lab Francis Perrin, DSM DRECAM SPAM CNRS, URA 2453, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
Lazar, G.
Ballutaud, D.
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CNRS, GEMaC UMR 8635, F-92195 Meudon, FranceCEA Saclay, Lab Francis Perrin, DSM DRECAM SPAM CNRS, URA 2453, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
Ballutaud, D.
Godet, C.
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Univ Rennes 1, CNRS, UMR 6627, Lab Phys Atomes, F-35000 Rennes, FranceCEA Saclay, Lab Francis Perrin, DSM DRECAM SPAM CNRS, URA 2453, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
Godet, C.
Zellama, K.
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Univ Picardie Jules Verne, Fac Sci, Lab Phys Mat Condensee, F-80039 Amiens, FranceCEA Saclay, Lab Francis Perrin, DSM DRECAM SPAM CNRS, URA 2453, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France