Domain effects on the electro-optic properties of thin-film barium titanate

On-chip electro-optic modulation is essential to realize complex on-chip optical signal processing. Recent developments in thin-film ferroelectric oxide for high-speed electro-optical modulators have gained considerable interest in understanding and correlating the material property with the electro-optic response. Particularly, the effect of thin film, domain orientation, and polling on the electro-optic response is not well understood. In this article, we present the effect of ferroelectric domains of thin-film Barium Titanate on the electro-optic response in a waveguide configuration. We also show the impact of drive electrode orientation with respect to the in-plane polarization angle in a multi-domain structure. Our theoretical findings corroborate the experimental observations in the literature, which substantiate the theoretical framework.(c) 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement