Evaluation of the Humoral Response after Immunization with a Chimeric Subunit Vaccine against Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in Pregnant Sows and Their Offspring

被引:0
|
作者
Vidal, Roberto M. [1 ,2 ]
Montero, David A. [1 ,3 ]
Bentancor, Adriana [4 ]
Arellano, Carolina [1 ]
Alvarez, Alhejandra [1 ]
Cundon, Cecilia [4 ]
Crivelli, Ximena Blanco [4 ]
Del Canto, Felipe [1 ]
Salazar, Juan C. [1 ]
Onate, Angel A. [5 ]
机构
[1] Univ Chile, Fac Med, Programa Microbiol & Micol, Inst Ciencias Biomed, Santiago 8380453, Chile
[2] Univ Chile, Fac Med, Inst Milenio Inmunol & Inmunoterapia, Santiago 8380453, Chile
[3] Univ Bernardo OHiggins, Ctr Integrat Biol & Quim Aplicada CIBQA, Santiago 8320000, Chile
[4] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Vet, Inst Invest Epidemiol Vet, Catedra Microbiol, C1427CWO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
[5] Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Biol, Dept Microbiol, Concepcion 4070386, Chile
关键词
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli; STEC; chimeric protein based-vaccine; edema disease of swine; pigs; EDEMA DISEASE; WEANED PIGLETS; COLONIZATION; PREVALENCE; FIMBRIAE; SWINE; PIGS; IGG; PROTECTION; COMPONENTS;
D O I
10.3390/vaccines12070726
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) poses a significant public health risk due to its zoonotic potential and association with severe human diseases, such as hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Ruminants are recognized as primary reservoirs for STEC, but swine also contribute to the epidemiology of this pathogen, highlighting the need for effective prevention strategies across species. Notably, a subgroup of STEC that produces Shiga toxin type 2e (Stx2e) causes edema disease (ED) in newborn piglets, economically affecting pig production. This study evaluates the immunogenicity of a chimeric protein-based vaccine candidate against STEC in pregnant sows and the subsequent transfer of immunity to their offspring. This vaccine candidate, which includes chimeric proteins displaying selected epitopes from the proteins Cah, OmpT, and Hes, was previously proven to be immunogenic in pregnant cows. Our analysis revealed a broad diversity of STEC serotypes within swine populations, with the cah and ompT genes being prevalent, validating them as suitable antigens for vaccine development. Although the hes gene was detected less frequently, the presence of at least one of these three genes in a significant proportion of STEC suggests the potential of this vaccine to target a wide range of strains. The vaccination of pregnant sows led to an increase in specific IgG and IgA antibodies against the chimeric proteins, indicating successful immunization. Additionally, our results demonstrated the effective passive transfer of maternal antibodies to piglets, providing them with immediate, albeit temporary, humoral immunity against STEC. These humoral responses demonstrate the immunogenicity of the vaccine candidate and are preliminary indicators of its potential efficacy. However, further research is needed to conclusively evaluate its impact on STEC colonization and shedding. This study highlights the potential of maternal vaccination to protect piglets from ED and contributes to the development of vaccination strategies to reduce the prevalence of STEC in various animal reservoirs.
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页数:13
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