X‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and evolved gas analysis of aged plutonium tetrafluoride (PuF4)

A 30 year-old PuF4 sample consisting of brown powder (PuF4-b) and pink granules (PuF4-p) was analyzed. X-ray diffraction shows the bulk is comprised of three compounds: PuF4, PuO2, and PuF4·1.6H2O. Broadening of PuF4 XRD peaks suggests possible α\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\upalpha$$\end{document}-damage. After annealing at 650 °C, crystalline PuF4 and PuO2 remain. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry—with simultaneous evolved gas analysis—of the separated PuF4-p and PuF4-b components reveal a distinct sequence of reactions. Dehydration occurs between ~ 90 and 300 °C. Exothermic annealing of the α\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\upalpha$$\end{document}-damage occurs in two stages: at 350–355 °C and at 555–558 °C. Hydrofluoric acid, fluorine and helium desorb during the first exotherm. Above 700 °C, PuF4 reacts with PuO2, resulting in oxygen release and mass loss.