Scalable production of large quantities of defect-free few-layer graphene by shear exfoliation in liquids

被引：37

作者：

Paton, Keith R. ^{[1
,2
]}

Varrla, Eswaraiah ^{[1
,3
]}

Backes, Claudia ^{[1
,3
]}

Smith, Ronan J. ^{[1
,3
]}

Khan, Umar ^{[1
,3
]}

O'Neill, Arlene ^{[1
,3
]}

Boland, Conor ^{[1
,3
]}

Lotya, Mustafa ^{[1
,3
]}

Istrate, Oana M. ^{[1
,3
]}

King, Paul ^{[1
,3
]}

Higgins, Tom ^{[1
,3
]}

Barwich, Sebastian ^{[1
,3
]}

May, Peter ^{[1
,3
]}

Puczkarski, Pawel ^{[1
,3
]}

Ahmed, Iftikhar ^{[3
]}

Moebius, Matthias ^{[3
]}

Pettersson, Henrik ^{[1
,3
]}

Long, Edmund ^{[1
,3
]}

Coelho, Joao ^{[1
,4
]}

O'Brien, Sean E. ^{[1
,3
]}

McGuire, Eva K. ^{[1
,3
]}

Sanchez, Beatriz Mendoza ^{[1
,4
]}

Duesberg, Georg S. ^{[1
,4
]}

McEvoy, Niall ^{[1
,4
]}

Pennycook, Timothy J. ^{[5
,6
]}

Downing, Clive ^{[1
]}

Crossley, Alison ^{[6
]}

Nicolosi, Valeria ^{[1
,3
,4
]}

Coleman, Jonathan N. ^{[1
,3
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Phys, Dublin, Ireland

[2] Thomas Swan & Co Ltd, Consett DH8 7ND, England

[3] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Phys, Dublin 2, Ireland

[4] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Chem, Dublin 2, Ireland

[5] STFC Daresbury Labs, SuperSTEM, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England

[6] Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, Oxford OX1 3PH, England

来源：

NATURE MATERIALS | 2014年 / 13卷 / 06期

基金：

欧洲研究理事会; 爱尔兰科学基金会;

关键词：

GRAPHITE; PERFORMANCE; NANOSHEETS; CARBON; OXIDE;

D O I：

10.1038/NMAT3944

中图分类号：

O64 [物理化学（理论化学）、化学物理学];

学科分类号：

070304 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

To progress from the laboratory to commercial applications, it will be necessary to develop industrially scalable methods to produce large quantities of defect-free graphene. Here we show that high-shear mixing of graphite in suitable stabilizing liquids results in large-scale exfoliation to give dispersions of graphene nanosheets. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy show the exfoliated flakes to be unoxidized and free of basal-plane defects. We have developed a simple model that shows exfoliation to occur once the local shear rate exceeds 10(4) s(-1). By fully characterizing the scaling behaviour of the graphene production rate, we show that exfoliation can be achieved in liquid volumes from hundreds of millilitres up to hundreds of litres and beyond. The graphene produced by this method performs well in applications from composites to conductive coatings. This method can be applied to exfoliate BN, MoS2 and a range of other layered crystals.

引用

页码：624 / 630

页数：7

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