Measurement-device-independent quantum dialogue based on hyperentanglement

Quantum dialogue (QD) is a quantum communication mode which enables two communication parties to exchange their secret messages simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a measurement-device-independent quantum dialogue (MDI-QD) protocol using the polarization–spatial-mode hyperentanglement. The protocol can eliminate the security loopholes related to measurement devices and the information leakage. Comparing with previous MDI-QD protocol, our MDI-QD protocol has higher channel capacity. Two communication parties can exchange 4 bits of messages per hyperentangled photon pair. Moreover, for promoting its practical application, we try to use the practical linear-optical partial hyperentangled Bell-state measurement in our MDI-QD protocol, with which the parties can exchange 3 bits of messages per hyperentangled photon pair. Our high-capacity MDI-QD protocol has application potential in future quantum communication field.