Audiocardiography in the cardiovascular evaluation of the morbidly obese

P>Morbid obesity is believed to limit cardiovascular auscultation. We compared audiocardiography to senior attending physicians using conventional stethoscopes in 190 individuals with morbid obesity. Overall, there were 128 (67 center dot 4%) women and 62 (32 center dot 6%) men with mean ages of 44 center dot 9 +/- 12 center dot 3 and 51 center dot 3 +/- 10 center dot 8 , respectively (P = 0 center dot 001). The overall body mass index (BMI) was 47 center dot 3 +/- 8 center dot 5 kg m-2. Of those with an S(3) by audiocardiography (n = 7), one had a history of coronary artery disease (CAD), none had a history of heart failure, and one had a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 45%. The mean LVEF was 58 center dot 6 +/- 9 center dot 9 versus 61 center dot 6 +/- 5 center dot 3 for those with and without an S(3) by audiocardiography (P = 0 center dot 16). By contrast, of those (n = 6) with an S(3) by stethoscope, one had a history of CAD, two had histories of heart failure, and 3 had LVEF < 45%. The mean LVEF of those with and without S(3) by stethoscope was 53 center dot 7 +/- 2 center dot 3 and 61 center dot 6 +/- 5 center dot 5%, respectively (P = 0 center dot 02). There were 40 (21 center dot 1%) patients with an S(4) (S(4) strength > 5) identified by acoustic cardiography while there were 42 (22 center dot 1%) heard by the stethoscope and it was heard with both methods in nine patients (21 center dot 4% concordance). There were no significant correlations between BMI or peak oxygen consumption and S(3) or S(4) strength by audiocardiography. Acoustic cardiography performed with an electronic device was not helpful in assisting the cardiovascular examination of the morbidly obese. These data suggest the careful clinical exam with attention to traditional cardiac auscultation using a stethoscope in a quiet room should remain the gold standard.