Physically based modeling and simulation with dynamic spherical volumetric simplex splines

In this paper, we present a novel computational modeling and simulation framework based on dynamic spherical volumetric simplex splines. The framework can handle the modeling and simulation of genus-zero objects with real physical properties. In this framework, we first develop an accurate and efficient algorithm to reconstruct the high-fidelity digital model of a real-world object with spherical volumetric simplex splines which can represent with accuracy geometric, material, and other properties of the object simultaneously. With the tight coupling of Lagrangian mechanics, the dynamic volumetric simplex splines representing the object can accurately simulate its physical behavior because it can unify the geometric and material properties in the simulation. The visualization can be directly computed from the object's geometric or physical representation based on the dynamic spherical volumetric simplex splines during simulation without interpolation or resampling. We have applied the framework for biomechanic simulation of brain deformations, such as the brain shifting during surgery and brain injury under blunt impact. WE! have compared our simulation results with the ground truth obtained through intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging and real biomechanic experiments. The evaluations demonstrate the excellent performance of our new technique. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.