Descriptive review of epidemiological geographic mapping of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the internet

Geoinformatics significantly enables the identification and tracking of global pandemic outbreaks such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), from spatial mapping at various sizes to location-based alerts. This article seeks to review online attempts to geographically map COVID-19, using several established techniques such as choropleth rendering, graduated circles, graduated pie charts, buffering, overlay analysis, and animation. The import of these mapping services is primarily to educate the public (especially travelers to potentially affected areas) and empower public health authorities in mapping spatial and temporal trends and patterns in COVID-19, as well as in assessing/reviewing the efficacy of current control protocols and actions.