Fractional topological states in quantum spin chains with periodical modulation

We report the findings of fractional topological states in one-dimensional periodically modulated quantum spin chains with up to third neighbor interactions. By exact numerical studies, we demonstrate the existence of topologically nontrivial degenerate ground states at some specific magnetizations, which can be characterized by the nonzero-integer total Chern numbers of the degenerate ground states and the emergence of nontrivial edge states under open boundary conditions. We find that the low-energy excitations obey bosonic nu = 1/2 fractional statistics for the spin-1/2 system and nu = 1 non-Abelian statistics for the spin-1 system, respectively. The discovered fractional quantum states provide another route to the theoretical exploration of fractional quantum states in correlated spin systems.