Tremor, fasciculations, and movement disorders

Abnormal involuntary movement (AIM) disorders are common neurologic problems in small animals. Most animals exhibit hyperkinetic uncontrolled movements that are the result of underlying cerebellar or neuromuscular diseases. Using precise historical and examination information, a well-planned diagnostic approach can be formulated. Most important for the clinician is the ability to discern if a primary brain or neuromuscular disease is present. The use of a guiding algorithm has been presented to aid in this decision-making process. Advanced diagnostic testing with electrodiagnostic testing or biopsy of the peripheral nervous system or imaging or cerebrospinal fluid analysis of the central nervous system is critical in the definitive diagnosis of many of the diseases associated with AIMs in small animals. Fortunately, with proper diagnostic testing that leads to appropriate treatment strategies, many animals suffering from these often unusual problems can go on to lead quality lives.