The functionalization of the electrospun PLLA fibrous scaffolds reduces the hydrogen peroxide induced cytokines secretion in vitro

Tissue-engineered scaffolds may induce an inflammatory reaction, referred to as foreign body reaction, in vivo. Despite advances in material sciences, the role of scaffolds against the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced inflammatory factors has not yet been investigated. In this study, we attempted to test the effect of scaffold-seeded human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) against H2O2-induced cytokines release in vitro. Poly (lactic acid) /hydroxyapatite/Collagen 1 (PLLA/HA/Col) fibrous scaffolds developed using electrospinning method and mesenchymal bone marrow stromal cells isolated from bone marrow control samples were used in the in vitro study. While H2O2-treated hMSC (control) showed high levels of IL1-beta, TNF-alpha, IL-8, MCP-1, and VEGF-1, PLLA/HA/Col scaffold-seeded hMSC presented significantly lower levels of cytokines expression. The expression of ALK, BMP2, SMAD1, SMAD2, and SMAD1/5/8/9 increased in the PLLA/HA/Col scaffold-seeded hMSC at 72 h. Furthermore, fibronectin expression was increased in the control, however, controlled expression was observed in the PLLA/HA/Col scaffold-seeded hMSC. Thus, the present study offers a new platform for future studies to consider cytokine related inflammatory response to implanted biomaterials and drug delivery system.