Model based investigation of transport phenomena in water distribution networks for contamination scenarios

Water distribution networks (WDNs) are critical infrastructures that are exposed to deliberate or accidental contaminations. The project SMaRT-Online(WDN) aims to develop an online security management and reliability toolkit for water distribution networks. One task focuses on the contaminant transport modeling. This paper deals with modeling transport processes at T- and cross-junctions. The mixing model depends on the flow conditions, the pipe condition and the crossing geometry. Preliminary results will be presented using computer fluid dynamic (CFD) for 2D and 3D modeling of transport processes for different flow conditions. These results are evaluated in comparison to existing mixing and propagation models. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.