Innovativeness, Proactiveness, and Risk-taking: Corporate Entrepreneurship of Indonesian SMEs

Corporate entrepreneurship (CE) consists of three dimensions, which are innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking. It has an essential role in ensuring SMEs willingness to adopt technology in the 4.0 industrial era. The aim of this study is twofold. First, to discover the pattern CE (innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking) intensity on four SMEs and second, to identify the likely causes of that pattern from a strategic management perspective. This research employed a case study design with four Indonesian SMEs as the subjects. The data was gathered through guided interviews and observations. Dyadic data was collected to avoid bias. The answers were then put into a scale from one to seven by the informants and combined using a simple mean. A pattern was inferred from the scale. The results suggest that all four SMEs have a similar low-medium range of CE intensity. From the strategic management standpoint, this was likely due to the fact the SMEs have not conducted proper environmental scanning in terms of looking for new technology or embraced the involvement of low-level employees in their planning process.