Statistical Analysis and Modeling of Random Telegraph Noise Based on Gate Delay Variation Measurement

We propose a characterization and modeling methodology for Random Telegraph Noise (RTN) induced Delta V-th variation based on gate delay variation measurement. We characterize the total amount of Delta V-th and model its scaling effect. A topology-reconfigurable ring oscillator (RO) is used to obtain gate delay variations between inverter stages. The devices under test are operated at near-or sub-threshold region to characterize RTN at low supply voltage. Measurement and characterization results from a 65 nm test chip show that lognormal distribution based modeling represents RTN-induced Delta V-th variability precisely. We extract the model parameters and evaluate the gate size dependency of these parameters. It is found that mu(l) of the lognormal distribution, lnN(mu(1), sigma(2)(1)), does not have specific gate size dependency. Whereas, sigma shows a W-a dependency to gate size rather than the commonly assumed W-1 dependency, where a is evaluated to be less than 0.5. The proposed comprehensive statistical model and its parameter dependency is suitable for performance analysis of circuits where transistors of different gate sizes are used.