Cluster Bit Collision Identification for Recognizing Passive Tags in RFID System

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology that amalgamates the use of electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling in the radio frequency (RF) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify an object. RFID systems often experience a circumstance in which tags responding to a single reader at the same time, collide with each other, leading to retransmission of tag ID's that results in wastage of bandwidth and an increase in the total delay. In this paper, a novel anti-collision algorithm, Cluster Bit Collision Identification (CBCID) Anti Collision Protocol is proposed to lessen the length of response generated by tags, minimize the time slots to be consumed for recognizing all tags, and minimize the average identification delay. CBCID checks for the occurrence of collision by bit, and reduces the number of tag counters to one, when compared to other protocols. CBCID is compared with existing approaches namely QT, QTsl, QTim and ABS, to evaluate its efficiency in handling a worst case environment. Results indicated that when the number of tags in the interrogation zone increases exponentially CBCID excels in minimizing the time slots consumed, number of collisions incurred.