Life cycle assessment of ceramic facade material and its comparative analysis with three other common facade materials

Ceramic panels are an emerging construction material and have become popular in China due to the regenerative character of the material and its conformation with Chinese culture. In this paper, we conducted a life cycle assessment (from "cradle" to "grave") of decorative ceramic facade panel products from a typical ceramic enterprise in South China. Both the sales aspect and material recycling were considered. Using Ebalance software and its Chinese parameters, we assessed seven environmental impacts of the ceramic panels, including depletion of abiotic resources, photochemical oxidant creation, global warming, acidification, eutrophication, ozone depletion and human toxicity. We also compared the environmental performance of ceramic facade panels with three other traditional curtain wall materials glass, marble and aluminum plate using data from the literature. The results from a consideration of the life cycle from "cradle" to "gate" showed that ceramic facade panels had better environmental performance than the others, in general, but was worse than glass on the depletion of abiotic resources performance and was worse than glass and aluminum on the human toxicity performance. Finally, we offer some suggestions for optimizing the life cycle process of ceramic facade panels for better environmental performance and some recommendations for better selection of facade materials. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.