Portable Photoacoustic Sensor for Noninvasive Glucose Monitoring

Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent metabolic disease which requires daily glucose monitoring for patients. Commercially available devices are all finger-prick which is painful and costly. Herein, we developed a portable and noninvasive glucose sensor based on photoacoustic (PA) technique. The size of the sensor main body is 17cm(L) x 14cm(W) x 10cm(H) with a weight of 650g (including a power bank). The system configuration is shown and the performance was evaluated by in vitro experiment on aqueous glucose solution at both high (1 similar to 8g/dL) and low concentrations (50 similar to 350 mg/dL). The R-2 and RMSE values achieved are 0.9526, 0.5903g/dL and 0.8966, 40.18mg/dL, respectively. Moreover, Clarke Error Grid analysis is also applied for physiological concentration prediction evaluation and 71.43% of data points fall in region A and the remaining points are in B, indicating the potential of our portable PA glucose sensor for clinical application.