ECMO in cardiogenic shock and bridge to heart transplant

Purpose The aim of this review is to discuss the role of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in cardiogenic shock and its use to bridge patients to heart transplantation. Methods and results Consideration of published literature reveals indications for ECMO in cardiogenic shock and tools for patient selection, adequate evidence of its efficacy, its advantages when compared with other temporary mechanical circulatory support devices and details of its use as a bridge to decision, bridge to recovery, bridge to bridge (durable ventricular assist device) and bridge to heart transplant. Conclusion ECMO is invaluable in treating patients with medically refractory profound cardiogenic shock and allows for cardiac recovery or planning for permanent heart replacement treatments.