Optical devices for optical access networks - Recent progress in semiconductor optical devices and optical modules

Cost-effectiveness is essential in developing optical access network systems. To reduce system costs, both improved system and component technologies are required. Reducing the costs of optical devices and modules in an optical network unit is especially necessary. in this paper, the requirements for optical devices in optical access networks and modules are clarified. Moreover, we also review the recent progress in technologies for semiconductor optical devices and hybrid integration for low-cost optical modules in access networks.