On the Hardness of Counting and Sampling Center Strings

Given a set S of n strings, each of length P, and a non-negative value d, we define a center string as a string of length E that has Hamming distance at most d from each string in S. The #CLOSEST STRING problem aims to determine the number of unique center strings for a given set of strings S and input parameters n, l, and d. We show #CLOSEST STRING is impossible to solve exactly or even approximately in polynomial time, and that restricting #CLOSEST STRING so that any one of the parameters n, l, or d is fixed leads to an FPRAS. We show equivalent results for the problem of efficiently sampling center strings uniformly at random.