X-ray diffraction at the National Ignition Facility

被引：58

作者：

Rygg, J. R. ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
]}

Smith, R. F. ^{[1
]}

Lazicki, A. E. ^{[1
]}

Braun, D. G. ^{[1
]}

Fratanduono, D. E. ^{[1
]}

Kraus, R. G. ^{[1
]}

McNaney, J. M. ^{[1
]}

Swift, D. C. ^{[1
]}

Wehrenberg, C. E. ^{[1
]}

Coppari, F. ^{[1
]}

Ahmed, M. F. ^{[1
]}

Barrios, M. A. ^{[1
]}

Blobaum, K. J. M. ^{[1
]}

Collins, G. W. ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
]}

Cook, A. L. ^{[1
]}

Di Nicola, P. ^{[1
]}

Dzenitis, E. G. ^{[1
]}

Gonzales, S. ^{[1
]}

Heidl, B. F. ^{[1
]}

Hohenberger, M. ^{[1
]}

House, A. ^{[1
]}

Izumi, N. ^{[1
]}

Kalantar, D. H. ^{[1
]}

Khan, S. F. ^{[1
]}

Kohut, T. R. ^{[1
]}

Kumar, C. ^{[1
]}

Masters, N. D. ^{[1
]}

Polsin, D. N. ^{[2
]}

Regan, S. P. ^{[2
]}

Smith, C. A. ^{[1
]}

Vignes, R. M. ^{[1
]}

Wall, M. A. ^{[1
]}

Ward, J. ^{[1
]}

Wark, J. S. ^{[5
]}

Zobrist, T. L. ^{[1
]}

Arsenlis, A. ^{[1
]}

Eggert, J. H. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA

[2] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA

[3] Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA

[4] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14623 USA

[5] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England

来源：

REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS | 2020年 / 91卷 / 04期

基金：

英国工程与自然科学研究理事会;

关键词：

COMPRESSION EXPERIMENTS; METAL TRANSITION; DENSE;

D O I：

10.1063/1.5129698

中图分类号：

TH7 [仪器、仪表];

学科分类号：

0804 ; 080401 ; 081102 ;

摘要：

We report details of an experimental platform implemented at the National Ignition Facility to obtain in situ powder diffraction data from solids dynamically compressed to extreme pressures. Thin samples are sandwiched between tamper layers and ramp compressed using a gradual increase in the drive-laser irradiance. Pressure history in the sample is determined using high-precision velocimetry measurements. Up to two independently timed pulses of x rays are produced at or near the time of peak pressure by laser illumination of thin metal foils. The quasi-monochromatic x-ray pulses have a mean wavelength selectable between 0.6 angstrom and 1.9 angstrom depending on the foil material. The diffracted signal is recorded on image plates with a typical 2 theta x-ray scattering angle uncertainty of about 0.2 degrees and resolution of about 1 degrees. Analytic expressions are reported for systematic corrections to 2 theta due to finite pinhole size and sample offset. A new variant of a nonlinear background subtraction algorithm is described, which has been used to observe diffraction lines at signal-to-background ratios as low as a few percent. Variations in system response over the detector area are compensated in order to obtain accurate line intensities; this system response calculation includes a new analytic approximation for image-plate sensitivity as a function of photon energy and incident angle. This experimental platform has been used up to 2 TPa (20 Mbar) to determine the crystal structure, measure the density, and evaluate the strain-induced texturing of a variety of compressed samples spanning periods 2-7 on the periodic table.

引用

页数：25

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