Are Sex Differences in Human Brain Structure Associated With Sex Differences in Behavior?

被引：13

作者：

van Eijk, Liza ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
]}

Zhu, Dajiang ^{[5
]}

Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste ^{[6
]}

Strike, Lachlan T. ^{[2
]}

Lee, Anthony J. ^{[7
]}

Hansell, Narelle K. ^{[2
]}

Thompson, Paul M. ^{[8
]}

de Zubicaray, Greig I. ^{[9
]}

McMahon, Katie L. ^{[10
]}

Wright, Margaret J. ^{[2
,11
]}

Zietsch, Brendan P. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Queensland, Sch Psychol, Ctr Psychol & Evolut, St Lucia, Qld, Australia

[2] Univ Queensland, Queensland Brain Inst, St Lucia, Qld, Australia

[3] CSIRO, Australian eHlth Res Ctr, Herston, Qld, Australia

[4] James Cook Univ, Dept Psychol, Douglas, Qld, Australia

[5] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA

[6] Univ Queensland, Inst Mol Biosci, St Lucia, Qld, Australia

[7] Univ Stirling, Div Psychol, Stirling, Scotland

[8] Univ Southern Calif, Keck Sch Med, Imaging Genet Ctr, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informat Inst, Los Angeles, CA USA

[9] Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Hlth & Biomed Innovat, St Lucia, Qld, Australia

[10] Queensland Univ Technol, Herston Imaging Res Facil & Sch Clin Sci, St Lucia, Qld, Australia

[11] Univ Queensland, Ctr Adv Imaging, St Lucia, Qld, Australia

来源：

PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE | 2021年 / 32卷 / 08期

基金：

英国医学研究理事会; 美国国家卫生研究院;

关键词：

masculinization; brain structure; neuroimaging; MRI; twin modeling; open data; SHAPE; REGIONS; COMMON; TWIN;

D O I：

10.1177/0956797621996664

中图分类号：

B84 [心理学];

学科分类号：

04 ; 0402 ;

摘要：

On average, men and women differ in brain structure and behavior, raising the possibility of a link between sex differences in brain and behavior. But women and men are also subject to different societal and cultural norms. We navigated this challenge by investigating variability of sex-differentiated brain structure within each sex. Using data from the Queensland Twin IMaging study (n = 1,040) and Human Connectome Project (n = 1,113), we obtained data-driven measures of individual differences along a male-female dimension for brain and behavior based on average sex differences in brain structure and behavior, respectively. We found a weak association between these brain and behavioral differences, driven by brain size. These brain and behavioral differences were moderately heritable. Our findings suggest that behavioral sex differences are, to some extent, related to sex differences in brain structure but that this is mainly driven by differences in brain size, and causality should be interpreted cautiously.

引用

页码：1183 / 1197

页数：15

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