Sex differences in social behavior are center stage in recent formulations of evolutionary psychology. Evolutionary psychology, with its emphasis on the long-term consequences of early adaptations, offers itself as an alternative meta-theory to mainstream social psychology, which emphasizes the importance of social structures in determining the existence and extent of social and cognitive sex differences. Using a range of examples, we argue that evolutionary psychology Is open to criticism on several fronts: It does not (a) include a role for mediating and moderating variables or test predictions rigorously; (b) appreciate the importance of the difference between first- and second-order effects; (c) offer a truly interactionist theory; or (d) seriously consider the social implications of sex-based inequities. We also argue that social psychology has, in its turn, failed to appreciate the nonintuitive richness of some evolutionary hypotheses or that there is a role for evolutionary psychology in a genuinely interactionist theory This paper restates the need for that perspective, and suggests how it may be achieved.
机构:Univ Virginia, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA
Cox, K. H.
Rissman, E. F.
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Univ Virginia, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA
Univ Virginia, Grad Program Neurosci, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USAUniv Virginia, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA
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Massachusetts Gen Hosp Children, Lurie Ctr Autism, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Harvard Med Sch, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02114 USAMassachusetts Gen Hosp Children, Lurie Ctr Autism, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Smith, Caroline J.
Bilbo, Staci D.
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Massachusetts Gen Hosp Children, Lurie Ctr Autism, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Harvard Med Sch, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02114 USAMassachusetts Gen Hosp Children, Lurie Ctr Autism, Boston, MA 02114 USA
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Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Div Psychobiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USAEmory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Div Psychobiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
Shepard, Kathryn N.
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Michopoulos, Vasiliki
Toufexis, Donna J.
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Univ Vermont, Dept Psychol, Burlington, VT 05405 USAEmory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Div Psychobiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
Toufexis, Donna J.
Wilson, Mark E.
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Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Div Psychobiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USAEmory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Div Psychobiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA