One-Pot Room-Temperature Protocol for the Synthesis of Pyrazolines Using SnO2 Nanocomposite as Heterogeneous Catalyst

An efficient, nano-SnO2-catalyzed one-pot protocol has been developed for the synthesis of pyrazolines from acetophenones, aromatic aldehydes, and phenylhydrazine at room temperature. The catalyst, SnO2 nanocomposite, was prepared at molecular level and characterized by various modern analytical and spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, and SAED). The catalytic efficiency of SnO2 nanocomposite was investigated, and it was found to provide good to excellent yields of pyrazolines within a short time and to retain its activity up to five successive runs under the optimized conditions. Simple workup procedure, high yields, and heterogeneous nature and recyclability of the catalyst, as well as energy saving by performing one-pot reaction at room temperature, are the most attractive benefits of the proposed multicomponent approach.