A simple and effective route for the production of levulinic acid (LA) from cellulose has been developed in SO3H-functionalized ionic liquids. The effects of ionic liquid structures, reaction conditions and combination of metal chlorides with ILs on the yield of LA were investigated, where the highest yield of 39.4% was obtained for 120 min in the presence of 1-(4-sulfonic acid) butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate ([BSMim]HSO4) with addition of H2O. The catalytic activities of ionic liquids depended on the anions and decreased in the order: CF3SO3-> HSO4(-) > OAc-, which was in good agreement with their acidity order. The ILs play a dual solvent-acid role for the cellulose conversion into LA and exhibited favorable catalytic activity over four repeated runs. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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MINES ParisTech, CNRS, CEMEF Ctr Mise Forme Mat, UMR 7635, F-06904 Sophia Antipolis, FranceMINES ParisTech, CNRS, CEMEF Ctr Mise Forme Mat, UMR 7635, F-06904 Sophia Antipolis, France
Demilecamps, Arnaud
Reichenauer, Gudrun
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Bavarian Ctr Appl Energy Res, D-97074 Wurzburg, GermanyMINES ParisTech, CNRS, CEMEF Ctr Mise Forme Mat, UMR 7635, F-06904 Sophia Antipolis, France
Reichenauer, Gudrun
Rigacci, Arnaud
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MINES ParisTech, PERSEE Ctr Proc Energies Renouvelables & Syst Ene, F-06904 Sophia Antipolis, FranceMINES ParisTech, CNRS, CEMEF Ctr Mise Forme Mat, UMR 7635, F-06904 Sophia Antipolis, France
Rigacci, Arnaud
Budtova, Tatiana
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MINES ParisTech, CNRS, CEMEF Ctr Mise Forme Mat, UMR 7635, F-06904 Sophia Antipolis, FranceMINES ParisTech, CNRS, CEMEF Ctr Mise Forme Mat, UMR 7635, F-06904 Sophia Antipolis, France
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South China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Pulp & Paper Engn State Key Lab China, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R ChinaSouth China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Pulp & Paper Engn State Key Lab China, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Zhao, Weijie
Li, Yingwen
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South China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Pulp & Paper Engn State Key Lab China, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R ChinaSouth China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Pulp & Paper Engn State Key Lab China, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Li, Yingwen
Song, Changhua
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South China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Pulp & Paper Engn State Key Lab China, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R ChinaSouth China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Pulp & Paper Engn State Key Lab China, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Song, Changhua
Liu, Sijie
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South China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Pulp & Paper Engn State Key Lab China, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R ChinaSouth China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Pulp & Paper Engn State Key Lab China, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Liu, Sijie
Li, Xuehui
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South China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Pulp & Paper Engn State Key Lab China, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R ChinaSouth China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Pulp & Paper Engn State Key Lab China, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Li, Xuehui
Long, Jinxing
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South China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Pulp & Paper Engn State Key Lab China, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R ChinaSouth China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Pulp & Paper Engn State Key Lab China, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China