This study of 381 U.S. counties outside of central counties in metropolitan areas indicates that competition among newspapers in three layers of the umbrella model exists throughout the United States. However, the intensity of competition between some layers can vary greatly from county to county. The strongest and most consistent impact was between newspapers in the weekly and nonmetro daily layers. The strength of impact varied depending on whether the weeklies were paid or free.
机构:
Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Med Sci, Dept Family Med, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, MalaysiaUniv Sains Malaysia, Sch Med Sci, Dept Family Med, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
Hashim, H.
Ismail, A. H.
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Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Family Med, Serdang, MalaysiaUniv Sains Malaysia, Sch Med Sci, Dept Family Med, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
Ismail, A. H.
Shaaban, J.
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Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Med Sci, Dept Family Med, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, MalaysiaUniv Sains Malaysia, Sch Med Sci, Dept Family Med, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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San Diego State Univ, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, San Diego, CA 92101 USA
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92186 USASan Diego State Univ, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, San Diego, CA 92101 USA
Reis, Jared P.
Macera, Caroline A.
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San Diego State Univ, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, San Diego, CA 92101 USASan Diego State Univ, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, San Diego, CA 92101 USA
Macera, Caroline A.
Ainsworth, Barbara E.
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Arizona State Univ, Dept Exercise & Wellness, Mesa, AZ 85212 USASan Diego State Univ, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, San Diego, CA 92101 USA
Ainsworth, Barbara E.
Hipp, Deborah A.
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Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USASan Diego State Univ, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, San Diego, CA 92101 USA