Analysis on the characteristics of ocean disaster risk of China since the 1990s and its integrated management

Ocean disaster has been one of the most significant obstacles to costal socioeconomic development while China. is one of the countries who have been suffering from the most serious ocean disasters. This paper analyzed the characteristics of ocean disaster risk of China since the 1990s based on regional disaster system theory. The results indicate that, in the past 15 years, structural projects do made some contribution in ocean disaster mitigation. However, risk exposure of costal socioeconomic system to ocean hazards has been increasing as maritime affairs and economic density of costal zone keeps rising. Besides, costal zone is seriously polluted which leading higher risk of ocean biotic hazards. According to these characteristics, a framework for integrated risk management system for ocean disaster is put forward in this paper. Within this system, risk management is based on both integrated elements management (environment, hazard and socioeconomic system) and integrated process management (from hazard to-disaster and from vulnerability to resilience) of ocean disaster system. The key issues of this management system include marine and costal environment management, risk aversion and transition, and capability construction for disaster reduction from bottom-up. Its aim is to build different paradigms for enterprises and communities at each level, to relief and mitigate ocean disaster, and to guarantee the sustainability of the costal zone.