On Limiting Donor Usage for Imputation of Missing Data via Hot Deck Methods

Hot deck methods impute missing values within a data matrix by using available values from the same matrix. The object from which these available values are taken for imputation is called the donor. Selection of a suitable donor for the receiving object can be done within imputation classes. The risk inherent to this strategy is that any donor might be selected for multiple value recipients. In extreme cases one donor can be selected for too many or even all values. To mitigate this donor over usage risk, some hot deck procedures limit the amount of times one donor may be selected for value donation. This study answers if limiting donor usage is a superior strategy when considering imputation variance and bias in parameter estimates.