PVA/starch films: An updated review of their preparation, characterization, and diverse applications in the food industry

In recent years, active and intelligent food packaging films have been developing in response to the retailer and consumer demands for producing food products with controlled quality and prolonged shelf-life. Moreover, using biodegradable polymers as environmentally friendly packaging materials is continuously a priority for scientists and consumers. This review discusses the potential use of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-starch-based intelligent and active packaging films as biodegradable materials for suitable substitution of synthetic packaging. This paper first reviewed the preparation manner of starch/PVA films, including blending or reinforcement modification and different proportions of PVA and starch. Then the functional characteristics of the films after incorporating certain additives are reviewed in detail. Finally, their function as a carrier of different antioxidant and antimi-crobial compounds and natural colorimetric indicators in active and intelligent food packaging is summarized.