This research explores the complementary role of formal institutions at the macro-level and informal ones at the cluster level on a firm's green product innovation. Using mixed methods in a sample of 177 firms dedicated to the footwear industry, belonging to three clusters in three different countries, findings suggest that: (1) the cluster effect positively influences a firm's green product innovation; and (2) informal cluster-level institutions' effect on green product innovation is jointly and positively moderated by national institutions. Green innovation in clusters requires coupling different multi-scalar institutional systems effectively.
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Northumbria Univ, Newcastle Business Sch, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, EnglandNorthumbria Univ, Newcastle Business Sch, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England
Xiong, Yu
Xia, Senmao
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Coventry Univ, Business Sch, Coventry, W Midlands, EnglandNorthumbria Univ, Newcastle Business Sch, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England
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Northumbria Univ, Newcastle Business Sch, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, EnglandNorthumbria Univ, Newcastle Business Sch, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, England
Pattinson, Steven
Damij, Nadja
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Univ Sunderland, Reg Vardy Ctr, Sunderland Business Sch, Sir Tom Cowie Campus, Sunderland SR6 0DD, EnglandNorthumbria Univ, Newcastle Business Sch, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, England
Damij, Nadja
El Maalouf, Nicole
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Northumbria Univ, Newcastle Business Sch, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, EnglandNorthumbria Univ, Newcastle Business Sch, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, England
El Maalouf, Nicole
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Bazi, Saleh
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Elsahn, Ziad
Hilliard, Rachel
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Univ Galway, JE Cairnes Sch Business & Econ, Galway, IrelandNorthumbria Univ, Newcastle Business Sch, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, England
Hilliard, Rachel
Cunningham, James A.
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Newcastle Univ, Newcastle Business Sch, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 4SE, England
Lund Univ, Ctr Innovat Res CIRCLE, Lund, SwedenNorthumbria Univ, Newcastle Business Sch, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, England
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Indiana Univ Bloomington, Indiana, PA USA
Univ Klagenfurt, klagenfurt am Worthersee, AustriaIndiana Univ Bloomington, Indiana, PA USA
Audretsch, David Bruce
Belitski, Maksim
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Univ Reading, Henley Business Sch, Reading, England
IGS Grp, ICD Business Sch, rue Alexandre Parodi 12, Paris, FranceIndiana Univ Bloomington, Indiana, PA USA
Belitski, Maksim
Guerrero, Maribel
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Univ Desarrollo, Fac Econ & Business, Santiago, Chile
Northumbria Univ, Newcastle Business Sch, Newcastle upon Tyne, EnglandIndiana Univ Bloomington, Indiana, PA USA