Decentralized power grid fault traceability system based on internet of things and blockchain technology

With the economic and social development of China, the scale of the power grid continues to expand. Rapid location and diagnosis of power failures have become significant for China to maintain its stable development of power system. In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) based on 5G technology has been applied to power grid more widely. Meanwhile, given the fact that the blockchain is traceable and tamper-resistant, the combination of the blockchain and IoT is considered to locate power failures quickly and assist professional maintenance personnel to deduce the cause of failures, minimizing economic loss. With the foundation of IoT sensor node data, this paper designs a decentralized electronic certificate scheme based on blockchain and Interplanetary File System (IPFS) to collect data of each node of the power system and store it in the blockchain. The model of data sharding, storage and certificate optimizes the utilization of storage space of the blockchain, reducing the time required for system access to nodes. Traceability of data stored on blockchain data is employed to quickly and accurately trace faults of the power system, providing strong technical support for the safe and stable operation of China's power system.