Effect of auxiliary longitudinal magnetic field on overlapping deposition of wire arc additive manufacturing

Wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has attracted more attention because of its advantages in efficiency and cost. The inclination angle and the aspect ratio of the bead deeply affect the overlapping quality and the deposition efficiency in the WAAM. This paper presents a hybrid magnetic field and deposited manufacturing (HMDM) to obtain the ideal bead morphology regulating the morphology parameters. The stirring mechanism of the longitudinal magnetic field on the molten pool and the weld bead offset mechanism is analyzed. Then the multi-level comparative tests were carried out to explore the influence of excitation parameters on the weld bead profile. The factors include magnetic excitation current and distance. The bead profile parameters include width, height, inclination angle, the center of gravity position, and the vertex position. The actual experimental results show that the auxiliary longitudinal magnetic field can change the bead morphology, which has a significant effect on the overlapping and stacking process in additive manufacturing. The auxiliary longitudinal magnetic field provided a novel path to control the weld bead morphology in the wire and arc additive manufacturing, which is positive to promote the development of WAAM effectively.