f(R) gravity and Maxwell equations from the holographic principle

Extending the holographic program of our previous work,we derive f(R) gravity and the Maxwell equations from the holographic principle,using time-like holographic screens.We find that to derive the Einstein equations and f(R) gravity by a natural holographic approach,the quasi-static condition is necessary.We also find the surface stress tensor and the surface electric current,surface magnetic current on a holographic screen for f(R) gravity and Maxwell’s theory,respectively.