Using oncolytic viruses to induce hyperacute rejection against cancer

In a recently reported study, a novel engineered oncolytic Newcastle disease virus encoding porcine alpha 1,3-galactosyltransferase was evaluated in monkeys with CRISPR-induced primary hepatocellular carcinoma and in a phase I clinical trial. The virus induced hyperacute tumour rejection and an objective response rate of 35% in 20 evaluable patients. This approach highlights the promises and challenges of oncolytic virus drug development.