Improving Health Informatics Competencies: A Scoping Review of the Components of Health Informatics Academic Programs

Various terms describe Information and Communications Technology (ICT) use in healthcare, including Health Informatics (HI). HI use in healthcare is expected to positively impact healthcare through healthcare cost reduction and improve healthcare accessibility and decision-making. However, the effective application and use of technology in healthcare requires appropriate HI competencies. This research explored what constitutes health informatics education programs to improve health professionals' competencies. This review was conducted according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Twenty articles made the final inclusion from a total of 577. The articles were extracted from seven databases, namely, Academic Search Complete, Elsevier (SCOPUS), Science Direct, SAGE, MEDLINE, ERIC, and Springer. The research found HI education-related content in various healthcare education programs, including medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, nursing, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and dietetics. There were instances where HI was applied in interprofessional education, with other allied health professions such as psychology, radiology, and HI programs. Furthermore, profession-specific content such as nursing and medical informatics was identified. The content in computer literacy and Electronic Health Records seems applicable across multiple disciplines. However, HI curricula found for healthcare professions were insufficient for a distinguishable benchmark for HI education in academic disciplines of the healthcare professions.