PBLD enhances antiviral innate immunity by promoting the p53-USP4-MAVS signaling axis

Phenazine biosynthesis- like domain- containing protein (PBLD) has been reported to be involved in the development of many cancers. However, whether PBLD regulates innate immune responses and viral replication is unclear. In this study, although it was found that the activity of PBLD extends to other PRRs, we focused on the RLR pathway activated via the p53-USP4-MAVS axis in response to virus infections. We found that PBLD deubiquitinates and stabilizes MAVS through ubiquitin- specific protease transcription of USP4 via the upregulation of p53. USP4, which is a MAVS- interacting antiviral innate immunity through the p53-USP4-MAVS signaling, providing a preliminary basis for research on PBLD as a target molecule for treating RNA virus infection.