Role of Pyrazole Moiety in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Various Synthetic Routes and Probable Mechanisms of Action

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has emerged as a healthcare burden in recent times in both, developing and developed nations. This could be attributed to the involvement of complex pathology and limited treatment options available for the management of AD. Currently, available therapeutic strategies fail to cure or reverse AD and associated complications and are primarily focused on providing symptomatic relief. Therefore, the need to identify a novel therapeutic strategy has become evident, for which pyrazole-based moieties are being considered as promising options. Pyrazole being one of the most widely exploited heterocyclic moieties against various disorders holds great potential for the development of anti-Alzheimer drugs. The current review focuses on recent advances in the synthetic approaches employed for the development of various pyrazole analogs for the treatment of AD and their mechanisms of action. The structural activity relationship of these derivatives on certain targets of AD has also been discussed which may help to draw new ideas for the development of potent anti-AD pyrazole derivatives.