Review on High-Impedance Fault Detection Techniques

In distribution power systems, high-impedance fault (HIF) is termed the most familiar turbulence. Corrosion, damaged conductors and loose connections are the various factors that cause HIF. Owing to the current’s random nature, HIF detection is a complicated process in power system protection. The traditional protection methodologies are not effective in the HIFD owing to their lower current magnitudes, asymmetric, nonlinear along with random fault currents. Acceptable fault waveforms are not displayed even though numerous types of HIF methodologies are presented aimed at the study of HIF. Conversely, to enhance HIF recognition, the deployment of historical data has turned into a trend for utilizing machine learning methodologies in recent times. Numerous HIFD mechanisms are reviewed in this work regarding their domains. Moreover, several methodologies intended for the HIFD are evaluated regarding their sensitivity, security, stability, dependability, along with reliability. Additionally, the drawbacks of these methodologies are also explicated. © 2023, The Institution of Engineers (India).