Development and Recommendation of Fast Frequency Response Market for Power System with High Proportion of Renewable Energy

With the increasing penetration of non-synchronized power supplies, the inertia of the power grid decreases gradually and the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) becomes higher after the disturbance, which brings huge challenges to the frequency regulation. In recent years, the concept of fast frequency response (FFR) has been proposed, and it is applied prior to the primary frequency response (PFR) to make time for the PFR, so that the low inertia system will not reach the threshold of the system under frequency load shedding (UFLS) before the PFR response. This paper summarizes the progress of FFR market of other countries from several aspects, such as typical FFR resources, designs of auxiliary service products, market transactions, and application examples. Combining with the frequency regulation needs of the power grid of China to cope with the low-inertia system in the future, the research trend of FFR technology is explained, and suggestions and prospects are put forward for the construction of the FFR market in China. © 2021 Automation of Electric Power Systems Press.