FLAIR Hyperintense Cortical Lesions in a 4-Year-Old Child with Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG)-Associated Encephalitis and Seizures: A Case Report

被引:0
|
作者
Bernardi, Luca [1 ]
Mussi, Nicole [1 ]
Grandinetti, Roberto [1 ]
Turco, Emanuela [1 ]
Piccolo, Benedetta [1 ]
Ormitti, Francesca [2 ]
Principi, Nicola [3 ]
Esposito, Susanna [1 ]
机构
[1] Azienda Osped Univ Parma, Pediat Clin, Dept Med & Surg, I-43126 Parma, Italy
[2] Azienda Osped Univ Parma, Unit Neuroradiol, I-43126 Parma, Italy
[3] Univ Milan, I-20122 Milan, Italy
来源
CHILDREN-BASEL | 2024年 / 11卷 / 07期
关键词
encephalitis; FLAMES; MOG antibodies; pediatric neurology; seizures; SPECTRUM; RESPONSES; DISEASE;
D O I
10.3390/children11070778
中图分类号
R72 [儿科学];
学科分类号
100202 ;
摘要
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG-associated disease (MOGAD) is a relatively uncommon autoantibody demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with heterogeneous clinical manifestations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. In recent years, a rare MOGAD subtype characterized by distinct clinical and MRI findings has been described. Seizures and cortical hyperintensities best seen on MRI T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences, associated with headache and cerebral spine fluid (CSF) pleocytosis, are the most important characteristics of this MOGAD entity that is named FLAMES (FLAIR hyperintense cortical lesions in MOG-associated encephalitis with seizures). Because of its rarity and the peculiarities of the brain damage and clinical manifestations, it can be under-recognized and confused with focal viral encephalitis, meningitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, CNS vasculitis, or mitochondrial cytopathy. We described the case of a 4-year-old previously healthy girl who was admitted for focal-onset, tonic-clonic seizures, fever, and headache, combined with optic neuritis. MRI was characterized by FLAIR imaging showing hyperintense cortical lesions, and a mild leukocytosis in the CSF was detected. Efficacy and rapid response to steroid therapy was observed, and no recurrences of neurological problems or further seizures were reported in the following 12 months. This case report can help in understanding FLAMES characteristics in pediatrics in order to favor early diagnosis and prompt therapy.
引用
收藏
页数:7
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [41] Recurrent bilateral cortical encephalitis in an adult patient: a case report of delayed diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G-associated disease
    Wang, Wan
    Yin, Juntao
    Yin, Shaohua
    JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, 2022, 269 (11) : 6165 - 6169
  • [42] Rare autoimmune encephalitis presenting as fluid-attenuated inversion recovery-hyperintense lesions in anti-Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated encephalitis and seizures accompanied with anti-IgLON5 antibody
    Li, Wanyao
    Du, Wei
    Jiang, Yuhan
    Liu, Yangyingqiu
    Liu, Na
    Miao, Yanwei
    Wang, Zhe
    Wang, Ying
    QUANTITATIVE IMAGING IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY, 2022, 12 (07) : 4007 - 4012
  • [43] Multifocal Epithelioid Hemangioma of the Penis in a 4-Year-Old Child: A Case Report
    Murshed, Khaled
    Farghaly, Hanan
    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOPATHOLOGY, 2020, 42 (05) : 372 - 374
  • [44] A 4-Year-Old Child with a Giant Cerebral Hydatid Cyst: A Case Report
    Isik, Aylin Dizi
    Sonmez, Ozcan
    Erdemli, Pinar Canizci
    Kepenekli, Eda
    Ergenc, Zeynep
    Yilmaz, Seyhan
    Tuncay, Sevgi Aslan
    Parlak, Burcu
    Dagcinar, Adnan
    IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY, 2024, 19 (01) : 113 - 116
  • [45] SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF PREMAXILLA IN A 4-YEAR-OLD CHILD - A CASE REPORT
    THOMSON, HG
    FARMER, AW
    DONOHUE, WL
    CANADIAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY, 1970, 13 (03) : 307 - &
  • [46] Pemphigus herpetiformis in a 4-year-old child: Case report and review of the literature
    Hayder, Faten
    Bahloul, Emna
    Sellami, Khadija
    Jerbi, Ameni
    Masmoudi, Hatem
    Zghal, Mouna
    Ayedi, Lobna
    Aounallah, Amina
    Turki, Hamida
    CLINICAL CASE REPORTS, 2022, 10 (03):
  • [47] Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in a 4-year-old child: A case report
    Haasnoot P.J.
    De Vries A.
    Journal of Medical Case Reports, 12 (1)
  • [48] Pregnancy Outcome in Overlapping Autoimmune Encephalitis and Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease: A Case Report
    Zabad, R.
    Lovgren, T.
    Arcot, L.
    French, A.
    Shirani, A.
    Taraschenko, O.
    MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL, 2022, 28 (1_SUPPL) : 149 - 149
  • [49] Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) associated optic neuritis in a patient with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and compressive optic neuropathy case report
    Ryan D. Sorensen
    Ashtyn Vogt
    Noor Laylani
    Mohammad Pakravan
    Andrew G. Lee
    BMC Ophthalmology, 24
  • [50] Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) associated optic neuritis in a patient with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and compressive optic neuropathy case report
    Sorensen, Ryan D.
    Vogt, Ashtyn
    Laylani, Noor
    Pakravan, Mohammad
    Lee, Andrew G.
    BMC OPHTHALMOLOGY, 2024, 24 (01)