Intersecting Pathways: The Role of Metabolic Dysregulation, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, and Inflammation in Acute Ischemic Stroke Pathogenesis and Outcomes

被引:2
|
作者
Nuszkiewicz, Jaroslaw [1 ]
Kukulska-Pawluczuk, Beata [2 ]
Piec, Katarzyna [2 ]
Jarek, Dorian Julian [3 ]
Motolko, Karina [4 ]
Szewczyk-Golec, Karolina [1 ]
Wozniak, Alina [1 ]
机构
[1] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ Torun, Fac Med, Dept Med Biol & Biochem, Ludwik Rydygier Coll Med Bydgoszcz, 24 Karlowicza St, PL-85092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
[2] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ Torun, Fac Med, Dept Neurol, Ludwik Rydygier Coll Med Bydgoszcz, 9 M Curie Sklodowskiej St, PL-85094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
[3] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ Torun, Fac Med, Dept Med Biol & Biochem, Ludwik Rydygier Coll Med Bydgoszcz, 24 Karlowicza St, PL-85092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
[4] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ Torun, Fac Med, Dept Neurol, Ludwik Rydygier Coll Med Bydgoszcz, 9 M Curie Sklodowskiej St, PL-85094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
关键词
acute ischemic stroke; adipokines; biomarkers; brain-gut axis; gastrointestinal microbiome; inflammation; lipopolysaccharides; metabolic dysregulation; neuroinflammation; obesity; SMALL VESSEL DISEASE; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; GUT MICROBIOTA; INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA; ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RISK-FACTORS; INTRAVENOUS THROMBOLYSIS; CARDIOEMBOLIC STROKE;
D O I
10.3390/jcm13144258
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains a major cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide, driven by complex and multifaceted etiological factors. Metabolic dysregulation, gastrointestinal microbiome alterations, and systemic inflammation are emerging as significant contributors to AIS pathogenesis. This review addresses the critical need to understand how these factors interact to influence AIS risk and outcomes. We aim to elucidate the roles of dysregulated adipokines in obesity, the impact of gut microbiota disruptions, and the neuroinflammatory cascade initiated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in AIS. Dysregulated adipokines in obesity exacerbate inflammatory responses, increasing AIS risk and severity. Disruptions in the gut microbiota and subsequent LPS-induced neuroinflammation further link systemic inflammation to AIS. Advances in neuroimaging and biomarker development have improved diagnostic precision. Here, we highlight the need for a multifaceted approach to AIS management, integrating metabolic, microbiota, and inflammatory insights. Potential therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways could significantly improve AIS prevention and treatment. Future research should focus on further elucidating these pathways and developing targeted interventions to mitigate the impacts of metabolic dysregulation, microbiome imbalances, and inflammation on AIS.
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页数:47
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