Nasopharyngeal Glial Heterotopia with Intracranial Extension: A Case Report

Nasopharyngeal glial heterotopia is a mass composed of mature neural tissue occurring outside the central nervous system and is extremely rare. The preoperative diagnosis of such a mass in the head and neck region is challenging. In this study, we report a case of a 16-month-old patient presenting with respiratory distress and snoring caused by nasopharyngeal glial heterotopia. Radiologic imaging and histopathology are obligatory for the definitive diagnosis of glial heterotopia. Preoperative evaluation of an intracranial connection is one of the most essential issues in the presence of pediatric nasopharyngeal masses. The gold standard of treatment is surgical excision. Early recognition and early surgical excision by endoscopic or external approach are crucial to relieve respiratory distress and to maintain healthy growth and development.