THE PROBLEM OF NATIONAL MINORITIES' SELF-DETERMINATION IN THE THEORY AND POLITICS OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF CHINA (FROM 1922 TO THE PRESENT)

As a multi-ethnic country, China is concerned with the protection and reservation of the rights and freedoms of ethnic minorities. The rights of ethnic minorities to self-determination are guaranteed in China through the establishment of ethnic regional autonomies, which corresponds to China's domestic strategic interests. China's ethnic policy is aimed at maintaining political stability and the country's territorial integrity, at achieving the integration of Chinese society and the harmonious development of ethnic relations. The object of research is the problem of enforcement of the right to national self-determination in the Chinese Communist Party's theory and policy. The research methodology is represented with historical, structural and functional, systemic approaches, and the analysis of literature sources. The historiography of the research is represented with the books by the Chinese and Russian scholars (T. V. Lazareva, V.A. Manko, M.Kh. Farukshin) considering different views on the development of ethnic regional autonomy and self-government principles. In China, the enforcement of the right to self-determination by ethnic minorities is divided into two stages. The establishment of the right to self-determination was the first stage (from 1922 to 1949), and the process of improving the system of regional ethnic autonomy has been the second stage (from 1949 to the present). The system of regional ethnic autonomy in China is an effective way to solve ethnic problems.