We present the clinical and pathological features of a case of long-standing untreated secondary hyperparathyroidism in a patient with end-stage renal disease, who died after 12 years of hemodialysis therapy. Parathyroid hyperplasia induced osteitis fibrosa and pronounced extraosseous calcifications involving periarticular and subcutaneous tissues, the cardiovascular system and the parathyroid itself. The patient finally died of cardiovascular reasons.