DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF LESIONS OF THE UPPER AIRWAY .1. THE NEONATE

The diagnostic approach to stridor and airway obstruction in the neonate has been outlined. The indications for tracheotomy have been discussed, as well as the alternative surgical procedure in many cases, the anterior cricoid split. The more common entities causing airway obstruction in neonatal patients have been reviewed as well as the most efficacious treatment modalities for these problems. It is clear that the correct diagnosis can be arrived at in most cases based on careful and thorough history and physical examination, appropriate radiologic studies, and endoscopy. Flexible laryngoscopy and rigid endoscopy are indicated in all neonates with stridor and airway obstruction. In certain select cases, flexible bronchoscopy should be performed in the NICU.