Formation Of The Educational System Of The Russian Federation: Gender Differences

The article is devoted to the problem of gender asymmetry in the educational and scientific milieu. Throughout the past century, the sign of gender (gender sign) significantly influenced the development of educational and scientific institutions in Russia. The ratio of the number of men and women varied and, in accordance with it, the "weight" of teachers and scientists varied as well depending on the specific socioeconomic and political conditions, while the gender asymmetry in the educational field remained unchanged. This kind of asymmetry in Russian education is a phenomenon of long-standing. Gender asymmetry has not only aqualitative, but also a quantitative characteristic. The quantitative characteristic is the ratio of the proportion of women and men in higher education institutions - has repeatedly changed in a historical con text. Before the First World War, there were 70 universities and other higher educational institutions with 80 thousand students in the Russian Empire. Gender. asymmetry is not an accidental, but a constantly acting factor in the system of science and higher education, which is determined by objective causes. Among them are the features of the socio-economic system and political regime, the level of democratic development of the country, the needs for material production and the spiritual life of society, the specific features of the demographic structure and legal status of women, the level and quality of life of the people. Objective conditions change - the asymmetry acquires new quantitative characteristics, content and forms.