The effects of a specific GABA(B) receptor antagonist, p-(3-aminopropyl)-p-diethoxymethyl-phosphonic acid (CGP 35348), on pyramidal tract neuron responses to transcallosal stimulation were investigated in the cat motor cortex in vivo. Iontophoretic application of CGP 35348 significantly increased the number of spikes from 10.3 +/- 4.4 (control; n = 27; mean +/- S.D.) to 16.7 +/- 7.2 (CGP 35348) for 20 transcallosal stimulation trials, while the latency of neuronal activity was significantly shortened from 4.4 +/- 2.1 ms (control; n = 27; mean +/- S.D.) to 3.8 +/- 1.7 ms (CGP 35348). Tn conclusion, CGP 35348 facilitated transcallosal synaptic transmission between pyramidal tract neurons by removal of GABA(B) inhibition.