Oculoplastic applications of botulinum toxin

被引：0

作者：

Park, D. J. John ^{[1
]}

Harrison, Andrew R. ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ophthalmol, MMC 493,420 Delaware St, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA

[2] Univ Minnesota, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA

来源：

EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY | 2007年 / 2卷 / 04期

关键词：

blepharospasm; Botox (R); Botox cosmetic; botulinum toxin; Dysport r; facial rhytids; hemifacial spasm; Meige Syndrome; Myobloc;

D O I：

10.1586/17469899.2.4.571

中图分类号：

R77 [眼科学];

学科分类号：

100212 ;

摘要：

Commercially available preparations of botulinum toxin have been used for a wide variety of diseases. In many instances, it has supplanted other therapeutic modalities to become the first line of therapy. We review the pharmacologic properties of botulinum toxin, the indications for use in ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery, the potential adverse effects associated with the use of the toxin and the future of therapy directed at chemodenervation.

引用

页码：571 / 582

页数：12

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