Neoliberal economic myths are the basis and denominator of the globalization processes and post-social economic transition. The article's staring point is the hypothesis that these are two interrelated phenomena, reflecting their evident similarities through the dominantly expressed interest motives of, reformers" and application of neoliberal economic recipes. In addition to this, the article is providing evidence that monistic pseudo-market reforms in the period of post-socialist transition haven't succeeded in compensating for a vast institutional vacuum, and that they have even led to its spreading and turning into a quasi-institutionalization.